NR 664.1085(3)(a)3.3. Install the cover in a manner such that there are no visible cracks, holes, gaps or other open spaces between cover section seams or between the interface of the cover edge and its foundation mountings. NR 664.1085(3)(a)4.4. Except as provided for in subd. 5., equip each opening in the floating membrane cover with a closure device designed to operate such that when the closure device is secured in the closed position there are no visible cracks, holes, gaps or other open spaces in the closure device or between the perimeter of the cover opening and the closure device. NR 664.1085(3)(a)5.5. The floating membrane cover may be equipped with one or more emergency cover drains for removal of stormwater. Equip each emergency cover drain with a slotted membrane fabric cover that covers at least 90% of the area of the opening or a flexible fabric sleeve seal. NR 664.1085(3)(a)6.6. Make the closure devices of suitable materials that will minimize exposure of the hazardous waste to the atmosphere, to the extent practical, and will maintain the integrity of the closure devices throughout their intended service life. Factors to consider when selecting the materials of construction and designing the cover and closure devices shall include organic vapor permeability, the effects of any contact with the liquid and its vapor managed in the surface impoundment, the effects of outdoor exposure to wind, moisture and sunlight and the operating practices used for the surface impoundment on which the floating membrane cover is installed. NR 664.1085(3)(b)(b) Whenever hazardous waste is in the surface impoundment, float the floating membrane cover on the liquid and secure each closure device in the closed position except as follows: NR 664.1085(3)(b)1.1. Opening of closure devices or removal of the cover is allowed at the following times: NR 664.1085(3)(b)1.a.a. To provide access to the surface impoundment for performing routine inspection, maintenance or other activities needed for normal operations. Examples of those activities include those times when a worker needs to open a port to sample the liquid in the surface impoundment, or when a worker needs to open a hatch to maintain or repair equipment. After completing the activity, promptly replace the cover and secure the closure device in the closed position, as applicable. NR 664.1085(3)(b)1.b.b. To remove accumulated sludge or other residues from the bottom of the surface impoundment. NR 664.1085(3)(b)2.2. Opening of a safety device, as defined in s. NR 665.1081, is allowed at any time conditions require doing so to avoid an unsafe condition. NR 664.1085(3)(c)(c) Inspect the floating membrane cover according to all of the following procedures: NR 664.1085(3)(c)1.1. Visually inspect the floating membrane cover and its closure devices to check for defects that could result in air pollutant emissions. Defects include, but are not limited to, visible cracks, holes or gaps in the cover section seams or between the interface of the cover edge and its foundation mountings; broken, cracked or otherwise damaged seals or gaskets on closure devices and broken or missing hatches, access covers, caps or other closure devices. NR 664.1085(3)(c)2.2. Perform an initial inspection of the floating membrane cover and its closure devices on or before the date that the surface impoundment becomes subject to this section. Thereafter, perform the inspections at least once every year except for the special conditions provided for in sub. (7). NR 664.1085(4)(4) The owner or operator who controls air pollutant emissions from a surface impoundment using a cover vented to a control device shall meet all of the following requirements: NR 664.1085(4)(a)(a) Cover the surface impoundment and directly vent it through a closed-vent system to a control device according to all of the following requirements: NR 664.1085(4)(a)1.1. Design the cover and its closure devices to form a continuous barrier over the entire surface area of the liquid in the surface impoundment. NR 664.1085(4)(a)2.2. Equip each opening in the cover not vented to the control device with a closure device. If the pressure in the vapor headspace underneath the cover is less than atmospheric pressure when the control device is operating, design the closure devices to operate such that when the closure device is secured in the closed position there are no visible cracks, holes, gaps or other open spaces in the closure device or between the perimeter of the cover opening and the closure device. If the pressure in the vapor headspace underneath the cover is equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure when the control device is operating, design the closure device to operate with no detectable organic emissions using the procedure in s. NR 664.1083 (4). NR 664.1085(4)(a)3.3. Make the cover and its closure devices of suitable materials that will minimize exposure of the hazardous waste to the atmosphere, to the extent practical, and will maintain the integrity of the cover and closure devices throughout their intended service life. Factors to consider when selecting the materials of construction and designing the cover and closure devices shall include organic vapor permeability, the effects of any contact with the liquid or its vapors managed in the surface impoundment, the effects of outdoor exposure to wind, moisture and sunlight and the operating practices used for the surface impoundment on which the cover is installed. NR 664.1085(4)(b)(b) Whenever hazardous waste is in the surface impoundment, install the cover with each closure device secured in the closed position and the vapor headspace underneath the cover vented to the control device except as follows: NR 664.1085(4)(b)1.1. Venting to the control device is not required, and opening of closure devices or removal of the cover is allowed at the following times: NR 664.1085(4)(b)1.a.a. To provide access to the surface impoundment for performing routine inspection, maintenance or other activities needed for normal operations. Examples of those activities include those times when a worker needs to open a port to sample liquid in the surface impoundment, or when a worker needs to open a hatch to maintain or repair equipment. After completing the activity, promptly secure the closure device in the closed position or reinstall the cover, as applicable, to the surface impoundment. NR 664.1085(4)(b)1.b.b. To remove accumulated sludge or other residues from the bottom of the surface impoundment. NR 664.1085(4)(b)2.2. Opening of a safety device, as defined in s. NR 665.1081, is allowed at any time conditions require doing so to avoid an unsafe condition. NR 664.1085(4)(c)(c) Inspect and monitor the air emission control equipment according to all of the following procedures: NR 664.1085(4)(c)1.1. Visually inspect the surface impoundment cover and its closure devices to check for defects that could result in air pollutant emissions. Defects include, but are not limited to, visible cracks, holes or gaps in the cover section seams or between the interface of the cover edge and its foundation mountings, broken, cracked or otherwise damaged seals or gaskets on closure devices and broken or missing hatches, access covers, caps or other closure devices. NR 664.1085(4)(c)3.3. Perform an initial inspection of the air emission control equipment on or before the date that the surface impoundment becomes subject to this section. Thereafter, perform the inspections at least once every year except for the special conditions provided for in sub. (7). NR 664.1085(5)(5) The owner or operator shall transfer hazardous waste to a surface impoundment subject to this section according to all of the following requirements: NR 664.1085(5)(a)(a) Except as provided in par. (b), transfer hazardous waste to the surface impoundment from another surface impoundment subject to this section or from a tank subject to s. NR 664.1084 using continuous hard-piping or another closed system that does not allow exposure of the waste to the atmosphere. For the purpose of complying with this paragraph, an individual drain system is a closed system when it meets 40 CFR part 63, subpart RR—National Emission Standards for Individual Drain Systems. NR 664.1085(5)(b)(b) Paragraph (a) does not apply when transferring a hazardous waste to the surface impoundment under any of the following conditions: NR 664.1085(6)(6) The owner or operator shall repair each defect detected during an inspection performed according to sub. (3) (c) or (4) (c) as follows: NR 664.1085(6)(a)(a) Make first efforts at repair of the defect no later than 5 calendar days after detection, and complete the repair as soon as possible but no later than 45 calendar days after detection except as provided in par. (b). NR 664.1085(6)(b)(b) Repair of a defect may be delayed beyond 45 calendar days if the owner or operator determines that repair of the defect requires emptying or temporary removal from service of the surface impoundment and no alternative capacity is available at the site to accept the hazardous waste normally managed in the surface impoundment. In this case, repair the defect the next time the process or unit that is generating the hazardous waste managed in the surface impoundment stops operation. Repair of the defect shall be completed before the process or unit resumes operation. NR 664.1085(7)(7) Following the initial inspection and monitoring of the cover as required by the applicable provisions of this subchapter, subsequent inspection and monitoring may be performed at intervals longer than one year in the case when inspecting or monitoring the cover would expose a worker to dangerous, hazardous or other unsafe conditions. In this case, the owner or operator may designate the cover as an “unsafe to inspect and monitor cover” and comply with all of the following requirements: NR 664.1085(7)(a)(a) Prepare a written explanation for the cover stating the reasons why the cover is unsafe to visually inspect or to monitor, if required. NR 664.1085(7)(b)(b) Develop and implement a written plan and schedule to inspect and monitor the cover using the procedures in the applicable section of this subchapter as frequently as practicable during those times when a worker can safely access the cover. NR 664.1085 HistoryHistory: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06. NR 664.1086(1)(1) Applicability. This section applies to the control of air pollutant emissions from containers for which s. NR 664.1082 (2) references the use of this section for the air emission control. NR 664.1086(2)(a)(a) The owner or operator shall control air pollutant emissions from each container subject to this section according to the following requirements, as applicable to the container, except when the special provisions for waste stabilization processes specified in par. (b) apply to the container: NR 664.1086(2)(a)1.1. For a container having a design capacity greater than 0.1 m3 and less than or equal to 0.46 m3, control air pollutant emissions from the container according to the Container Level 1 standards in sub. (3). NR 664.1086(2)(a)2.2. For a container having a design capacity greater than 0.46 m3 that is not in light material service, control air pollutant emissions from the container according to the Container Level 1 standards in sub. (3). NR 664.1086(2)(a)3.3. For a container having a design capacity greater than 0.46 m3 that is in light material service, control air pollutant emissions from the container according to the Container Level 2 standards in sub. (4). NR 664.1086(2)(b)(b) When a container having a design capacity greater than 0.1 m3 is used for treatment of a hazardous waste by a waste stabilization process, control air pollutant emissions from the container according to the Container Level 3 standards in sub. (5) at those times during the waste stabilization process when the hazardous waste in the container is exposed to the atmosphere. NR 664.1086(3)(a)(a) A container using Container Level 1 controls is one of the following: NR 664.1086(3)(a)1.1. A container that meets the applicable U.S. department of transportation (DOT) regulations on packaging hazardous materials for transportation as specified in sub. (6). NR 664.1086(3)(a)2.2. A container equipped with a cover and closure devices that form a continuous barrier over the container openings such that when the cover and closure devices are secured in the closed position there are no visible holes, gaps or other open spaces into the interior of the container. The cover may be a separate cover installed on the container (e.g., a lid on a drum or a suitably secured tarp on a roll-off box) or may be an integral part of the container structural design (e.g., a “portable tank” or bulk cargo container equipped with a screw-type cap). NR 664.1086(3)(a)3.3. An open-top container in which an organic-vapor suppressing barrier is placed on or over the hazardous waste in the container such that no hazardous waste is exposed to the atmosphere. One example of such a barrier is application of a suitable organic-vapor suppressing foam. NR 664.1086(3)(b)(b) Equip a container used to meet par. (a) 2. or 3. with covers and closure devices, as applicable to the container, that are composed of suitable materials to minimize exposure of the hazardous waste to the atmosphere and to maintain the equipment integrity, for as long as the container is in service. Factors to consider in selecting the materials of construction and designing the cover and closure devices shall include organic vapor permeability, the effects of contact with the hazardous waste or its vapor managed in the container, the effects of outdoor exposure of the closure device or cover material to wind, moisture and sunlight and the operating practices for which the container is intended to be used. NR 664.1086(3)(c)(c) Whenever hazardous waste is in a container using Container Level 1 controls, install all covers and closure devices for the container, as applicable to the container, and secure and maintain each closure device in the closed position except as follows: NR 664.1086(3)(c)1.1. Opening of a closure device or cover is allowed for the purpose of adding hazardous waste or other material to the container as follows: NR 664.1086(3)(c)1.a.a. In the case when the container is filled to the intended final level in one continuous operation, promptly secure the closure devices in the closed position and install the covers, as applicable to the container, upon conclusion of the filling operation. NR 664.1086(3)(c)1.b.b. In the case when discrete quantities or batches of material are intermittently added to the container over a period of time, promptly secure the closure devices in the closed position and install covers, as applicable to the container, upon either the container being filled to the intended final level, the completion of a batch loading after which no additional material will be added to the container within 15 minutes, the person performing the loading operation leaving the immediate vicinity of the container or the shutdown of the process generating the material being added to the container, whichever condition occurs first. NR 664.1086(3)(c)2.2. Opening of a closure device or cover is allowed for the purpose of removing hazardous waste from the container as follows: NR 664.1086(3)(c)2.a.a. For the purpose of meeting the requirements of this section, an empty container as defined in s. NR 661.0007 (2) may be open to the atmosphere at any time (i.e., covers and closure devices are not required to be secured in the closed position on an empty container). NR 664.1086(3)(c)2.b.b. In the case when discrete quantities or batches of material are removed from the container but the container does not meet the conditions to be an empty container in s. NR 661.0007 (2), promptly secure the closure devices in the closed position and install covers, as applicable to the container, upon the completion of a batch removal after which no additional material will be removed from the container within 15 minutes or the person performing the unloading operation leaves the immediate vicinity of the container, whichever condition occurs first. NR 664.1086(3)(c)3.3. Opening of a closure device or cover is allowed when access inside the container is needed to perform routine activities other than transfer of hazardous waste. Examples of those activities include those times when a worker needs to open a port to measure the depth of or sample the material in the container, or when a worker needs to open a manhole hatch to access equipment inside the container. After completing the activity, promptly secure the closure device in the closed position or reinstall the cover, as applicable to the container. NR 664.1086(3)(c)4.4. Opening of a spring-loaded, pressure-vacuum relief valve, conservation vent or similar type of pressure relief device which vents to the atmosphere is allowed during normal operations for the purpose of maintaining the internal pressure of the container according to the container design specifications. Design the device to operate with no detectable organic emissions when the device is secured in the closed position. Establish the settings at which the device opens such that the device remains in the closed position whenever the internal pressure of the container is within the internal pressure operating range determined by the owner or operator based on container manufacturer recommendations, applicable rules, fire protection and prevention codes, standard engineering codes and practices or other requirements for the safe handling of flammable, ignitable, explosive, reactive or hazardous materials. Examples of normal operating conditions that may require these devices to open are during those times when the internal pressure of the container exceeds the internal pressure operating range for the container as a result of loading operations or diurnal ambient temperature fluctuations. NR 664.1086(3)(c)5.5. Opening of a safety device, as defined in s. NR 665.1081, is allowed at any time conditions require doing so to avoid an unsafe condition. NR 664.1086(3)(d)(d) For containers using Container Level 1 controls, inspect the containers and their covers and closure devices as follows: NR 664.1086(3)(d)1.1. In the case when hazardous waste is already in the container at the time the owner or operator first accepts possession of the container at the facility and the container is not emptied within 24 hours after the container is accepted at the facility (i.e., does not meet the conditions for an empty container in s. NR 661.0007 (2)), the owner or operator shall visually inspect the container and its cover and closure devices to check for visible cracks, holes, gaps or other open spaces into the interior of the container when the cover and closure devices are secured in the closed position. The owner or operator shall conduct the container visual inspection on or before the date that the container is accepted at the facility (i.e., the date the container becomes subject to the subchapter CC container standards in this subchapter). For purposes of this requirement, the date of acceptance is the date of signature that the facility owner or operator enters on item 20 of the uniform hazardous waste manifest (EPA forms 8700-22 and 8700-22A), as required in s. NR 664.0071. If a defect is detected, the owner or operator shall repair the defect in accordance with the requirements under subd. 3. NR 664.1086(3)(d)2.2. In the case when a container used for managing hazardous waste remains at the facility for a period of one year or more, visually inspect the container and its cover and closure devices initially and thereafter, at least once every 12 months, to check for visible cracks, holes, gaps or other open spaces into the interior of the container when the cover and closure devices are secured in the closed position. If a defect is detected, repair the defect according to subd. 3. NR 664.1086(3)(d)3.3. When a defect is detected for the container, cover or closure devices, make first efforts at repair of the defect no later than 24 hours after detection and complete the repair as soon as possible but no later than 5 calendar days after detection. If repair of a defect cannot be completed within 5 calendar days, remove the hazardous waste from the container and do not use the container to manage hazardous waste until the defect is repaired. NR 664.1086(3)(e)(e) Maintain at the facility a copy of the procedure used to determine that containers with capacity of 0.46 m3 or greater, which do not meet applicable U.S. department of transportation (DOT) regulations as specified in sub. (6), are not managing hazardous waste in light material service. NR 664.1086(4)(a)(a) A container using Container Level 2 controls is one of the following: NR 664.1086(4)(a)1.1. A container that meets the applicable U.S. department of transportation (DOT) regulations on packaging hazardous materials for transportation as specified in sub. (6). NR 664.1086(4)(b)(b) Transfer hazardous waste in or out of a container using Container Level 2 controls in such a manner as to minimize exposure of the hazardous waste to the atmosphere, to the extent practical, considering the physical properties of the hazardous waste and good engineering and safety practices for handling flammable, ignitable, explosive, reactive or other hazardous materials. Examples of container loading procedures that meet this paragraph include using a submerged-fill pipe or other submerged-fill method to load liquids into the container, a vapor-balancing system or a vapor-recovery system to collect and control the vapors displaced from the container during filling operations or a fitted opening in the top of a container through which the hazardous waste is filled and subsequently purging the transfer line before removing it from the container opening. NR 664.1086(4)(c)(c) Whenever hazardous waste is in a container using Container Level 2 controls, install all covers and closure devices for the container, and secure and maintain each closure device in the closed position except as follows: NR 664.1086(4)(c)1.1. Opening of a closure device or cover is allowed for the purpose of adding hazardous waste or other material to the container as follows: NR 664.1086(4)(c)1.a.a. In the case when the container is filled to the intended final level in one continuous operation, promptly secure the closure devices in the closed position and install the covers, as applicable to the container, upon conclusion of the filling operation. NR 664.1086(4)(c)1.b.b. In the case when discrete quantities or batches of material are intermittently added to the container over a period of time, promptly secure the closure devices in the closed position and install covers, as applicable to the container, upon the container being filled to the intended final level, the completion of a batch loading after which no additional material will be added to the container within 15 minutes, the person performing the loading operation leaving the immediate vicinity of the container, or the shutdown of the process generating the material being added to the container, whichever condition occurs first. NR 664.1086(4)(c)2.2. Opening of a closure device or cover is allowed for the purpose of removing hazardous waste from the container as follows: NR 664.1086(4)(c)2.a.a. For the purpose of meeting the requirements of this section, an empty container as defined in s. NR 661.0007 (2) may be open to the atmosphere at any time (i.e., covers and closure devices are not required to be secured in the closed position on an empty container). NR 664.1086(4)(c)2.b.b. In the case when discrete quantities or batches of material are removed from the container but the container does not meet the conditions to be an empty container in s. NR 661.0007 (2), promptly secure the closure devices in the closed position and install covers, as applicable to the container, upon the completion of a batch removal after which no additional material will be removed from the container within 15 minutes or the person performing the unloading operation leaves the immediate vicinity of the container, whichever condition occurs first. NR 664.1086(4)(c)3.3. Opening of a closure device or cover is allowed when access inside the container is needed to perform routine activities other than transfer of hazardous waste. Examples of those activities include those times when a worker needs to open a port to measure the depth of or sample the material in the container, or when a worker needs to open a manhole hatch to access equipment inside the container. After completing the activity, promptly secure the closure device in the closed position or reinstall the cover, as applicable to the container. NR 664.1086(4)(c)4.4. Opening of a spring-loaded, pressure-vacuum relief valve, conservation vent or similar type of pressure relief device which vents to the atmosphere is allowed during normal operations for the purpose of maintaining the internal pressure of the container according to the container design specifications. Design the device to operate with no detectable organic emission when the device is secured in the closed position. Establish the settings at which the device opens such that the device remains in the closed position whenever the internal pressure of the container is within the internal pressure operating range determined by the owner or operator based on container manufacturer recommendations, applicable rules, fire protection and prevention codes, standard engineering codes and practices or other requirements for the safe handling of flammable, ignitable, explosive, reactive or hazardous materials. Examples of normal operating conditions that may require these devices to open are during those times when the internal pressure of the container exceeds the internal pressure operating range for the container as a result of loading operations or diurnal ambient temperature fluctuations. NR 664.1086(4)(c)5.5. Opening of a safety device, as defined in s. NR 665.1081, is allowed at any time conditions require doing so to avoid an unsafe condition.
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Chs. NR 600-699; Environmental Protection – Hazardous Waste Management
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